
If you have a Logitech webcam, you can use the official app that Logitech supplies and use its zoom controls for the app. It may not give the best results in a meeting. OBS has something like zoom but it is much harder to set up and the zoom is more a downscaling of the output resolution. You may find there are other similar apps that provide the zoom in feature and can act as a virtual cam for use in Microsoft Teams.
Start a meeting and the camera will be zoomed in. Open the camera dropdown and select YouCam. Click your profile icon at the top right and select Settings. Use the zoom bar on the left to zoom in.
Open YouCam and allow it access to your camera. It provides filters, emoji, and scenes but zoom in/out is basic and can be used in the free version. You need an app that can control the camera and that has zoom in/out controls. Microsoft Teams has no native controls for managing the camera. You can also use Ctrl+scroll the mouse wheel to zoom in and out. Note: to zoom out, use the Ctrl+- keyboard shortcut. To reset zoom in Microsoft Teams use the Ctrl+0 keyboard shortcut. Tap the Ctrl+= keyboard shortcut to zoom in. To zoom in the Microsoft Teams UI, you need only know the correct keyboard shortcut to do the job. Zooming in the UI is far more easier since it is natively supported but zooming in the camera, while possible, requires a third-party tool to do the job. Microsoft Teams users look for two different zoom functionalities zooming in on the UI, and zooming in the camera during a meeting. That said, the text size, and icon sizes may not be suitable for everyone, especially if a user has weak eyes. The icons are well made and the dark mode still allows users to easily read text on the dark background. Microsoft Teams has a reasonably good UI.